
Gustav Mahler
Pays d'origine:
L'Autriche
Date d'anniversaire:
7 juillet 1860
Date de décès:
18 mai 1911
À propos de Gustav Mahler
Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer and conductor, important conductor and symphonic composer of the Late Romantic era.
Life:
Mahler studied at the Vienna Conservatoire with Robert Fuchs (*1847, 1927), among others, and privately with Anton Bruckner. After conducting posts at Bad Hall, Laibach, Olmutz, Vienna and Kassel he took the post of second conductor at the Deutsches Landestheater in Prague in 1885 and in 1886 took the same position in Leipzig where he directed the Leipzig Opera for half a year (standing in for Arthur Nikisch). In 1888 he became director of the Budapest Opera and in 1891 chief conductor at the Hamburg Stadttheater. In 1897 he worked as a guest conductor in Poland and Russia, among others. The very same year Mahler first became conductor, then director of the Vienna Court Opera which he led to artistic heights unattained until then. From 1898-1901 he also conducted the Philharmonic Concerts. In 1902 he married Alma Maria Schindler (Mahler-Werfel, Alma). In autumn 1907 Mahler became conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York and in 1909 was also appointed musical director of the New York Philharmonic Society.
Work:
As a conductor, Mahler had a determining influence on Willem Mengelberg, Bruno Walter and Otto Klemperer, among others, due to his orchestral discipline and the strict faithfulness of his interpretations to the respective original work. In his capacity as opera director, he introduced numerous innovations, such as concentrated rehearsal work with singers and choir. Especially in collaboration with the painter and graphic designer Alfred Roller, he even achieved a fundamental reform of the scenic presentation and a new unity of production, setting and musical interpretation. Mahler also re-arranged several works (e.g. Carl Maria von Weber's operas »The Three Pintos«, »Euryanthe« and »Oberon« as well as Mozart's »Le nozze di Figaro«) to increase their theatrical effectiveness.
In his songs Mahler musically carried on where Schumann in particular had left off. Until 1899 he mainly used texts from the anthology »Des Knaben Wunderhorn« edited by Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano, then poems by Friedrich Rückert as a literary basis. The melody is characterized by a tendency toward dramatic expressiveness, the accompaniment by a symbolically and psychologically nuanced quality of expression, with folksong-like simplicity being closely combined with a strong differentiation. Many songs are available in versions for piano and for orchestra.
The close connection between song and symphonic work in Mahler's oeuvre shows in the fact that he incorporated songs into his first symphonies (even as instrumental transformation), e.g. »Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen« into Symphony No. 1 and »Wunderhorn-Lieder« into Symphonies Nos. 2-4. Whereas the instrumental technique connected with the lied goes back to Schubert, the incorporation of vocal parts into the symphony (apart from Symphonies No. 1-4 also into Symphony No. 8) and into »Lied von der Erde« refers to Beethoven (Symphony No. 9). The widening of the individual movements of the symphonies, the expansion of the symphonic framework to seven movements, the structure of the dynamic scherzo movements and the affective intensifications in the concluding cadences of the movements are reminiscent of Bruckner. In the programmatic explanations that Mahler included with some of his symphonies, he took up a line of development which can be traced back to Hector Berlioz's programme music. Even though Mahler withdrew these explanations later, they nevertheless refer to the philosophical and confessional character of his music which is characterized by a combination of quite different stylistic elements.
The melody ranges from folksong-like, simple phrases which sometimes deliberately do not shy away from banality, often as a contrast to more dramatic sections and, as such, of only feigned »naivety«, to highly elaborate shapes, from lyrical restraint to high emotionalism which can be commented on with irony. As regards the harmony, traditional diatonicism is juxtaposed with polyphonic and fugal passages, pentatonic scales and chromatic part-writing to the limits of atonality. The subtle instrumentation does justice both to the monumental nature of the symphonies (particularly of the "Symphony of a Thousand") and to the chamber music style of the late oeuvre. Many of these heterogenous features prove Mahler's compositions to be works of a transitional period between Romanticism and avant-garde. Not only do they refer back to tradition, they also strongly influenced harmonic and melodic means of New Music (especially Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg and Anton Webern).
Life:
Mahler studied at the Vienna Conservatoire with Robert Fuchs (*1847, 1927), among others, and privately with Anton Bruckner. After conducting posts at Bad Hall, Laibach, Olmutz, Vienna and Kassel he took the post of second conductor at the Deutsches Landestheater in Prague in 1885 and in 1886 took the same position in Leipzig where he directed the Leipzig Opera for half a year (standing in for Arthur Nikisch). In 1888 he became director of the Budapest Opera and in 1891 chief conductor at the Hamburg Stadttheater. In 1897 he worked as a guest conductor in Poland and Russia, among others. The very same year Mahler first became conductor, then director of the Vienna Court Opera which he led to artistic heights unattained until then. From 1898-1901 he also conducted the Philharmonic Concerts. In 1902 he married Alma Maria Schindler (Mahler-Werfel, Alma). In autumn 1907 Mahler became conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York and in 1909 was also appointed musical director of the New York Philharmonic Society.
Work:
As a conductor, Mahler had a determining influence on Willem Mengelberg, Bruno Walter and Otto Klemperer, among others, due to his orchestral discipline and the strict faithfulness of his interpretations to the respective original work. In his capacity as opera director, he introduced numerous innovations, such as concentrated rehearsal work with singers and choir. Especially in collaboration with the painter and graphic designer Alfred Roller, he even achieved a fundamental reform of the scenic presentation and a new unity of production, setting and musical interpretation. Mahler also re-arranged several works (e.g. Carl Maria von Weber's operas »The Three Pintos«, »Euryanthe« and »Oberon« as well as Mozart's »Le nozze di Figaro«) to increase their theatrical effectiveness.
In his songs Mahler musically carried on where Schumann in particular had left off. Until 1899 he mainly used texts from the anthology »Des Knaben Wunderhorn« edited by Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano, then poems by Friedrich Rückert as a literary basis. The melody is characterized by a tendency toward dramatic expressiveness, the accompaniment by a symbolically and psychologically nuanced quality of expression, with folksong-like simplicity being closely combined with a strong differentiation. Many songs are available in versions for piano and for orchestra.
The close connection between song and symphonic work in Mahler's oeuvre shows in the fact that he incorporated songs into his first symphonies (even as instrumental transformation), e.g. »Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen« into Symphony No. 1 and »Wunderhorn-Lieder« into Symphonies Nos. 2-4. Whereas the instrumental technique connected with the lied goes back to Schubert, the incorporation of vocal parts into the symphony (apart from Symphonies No. 1-4 also into Symphony No. 8) and into »Lied von der Erde« refers to Beethoven (Symphony No. 9). The widening of the individual movements of the symphonies, the expansion of the symphonic framework to seven movements, the structure of the dynamic scherzo movements and the affective intensifications in the concluding cadences of the movements are reminiscent of Bruckner. In the programmatic explanations that Mahler included with some of his symphonies, he took up a line of development which can be traced back to Hector Berlioz's programme music. Even though Mahler withdrew these explanations later, they nevertheless refer to the philosophical and confessional character of his music which is characterized by a combination of quite different stylistic elements.
The melody ranges from folksong-like, simple phrases which sometimes deliberately do not shy away from banality, often as a contrast to more dramatic sections and, as such, of only feigned »naivety«, to highly elaborate shapes, from lyrical restraint to high emotionalism which can be commented on with irony. As regards the harmony, traditional diatonicism is juxtaposed with polyphonic and fugal passages, pentatonic scales and chromatic part-writing to the limits of atonality. The subtle instrumentation does justice both to the monumental nature of the symphonies (particularly of the "Symphony of a Thousand") and to the chamber music style of the late oeuvre. Many of these heterogenous features prove Mahler's compositions to be works of a transitional period between Romanticism and avant-garde. Not only do they refer back to tradition, they also strongly influenced harmonic and melodic means of New Music (especially Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg and Anton Webern).
Works:
Symphonies: No. 1 in D major (188488, 1892 and 1894 performed as »Titan« according to Jean Paul, later again without title and programme); No. 2 in C minor (188894, for soprano, alto, mixed choir and orchestra); No. 3 in D minor (189396, for alto, female choir, boys' choir and orchestra); No. 4 in G major (18991901, for soprano and orchestra); No. 5 in C sharp minor (1901/02); Nor. 6 in A minor (1903/04); No. 7 in E minor (1904/05); No. 8 in E flat major (1907, for 3 sopranos, 2 altos, tenor, baritone, bass, boys' choir, 2 mixed choirs and orchestra, with the parts: hymn »Veni, creator spiritus« and final scene from Goethe's »Faust II«, called »Symphony of a Thousand«); Das Lied von der Erde (1908/09, symphony for tenor, alto, baritone and orchestra, based on Chinese poems in the translation of Hans Bethge); No. 9 in D major (1908/09); No. 10 in F sharp major (fragment: Adagio, 1910, »Purgatorio« extant as draft of the score and three other movements as short scores as well as sketches, reconstruction by Deryck Cooke, among others).
Songs with orchestra: 4 Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen (188385, based on his own texts); songs from »Des Knaben Wunderhorn« (188899); Kindertotenlieder (190104, according to Friedrich Rückert); Sieben Lieder aus letzter Zeit (18991902).
Choral works: Das klagende Lied (187880, new versions 1892 and 1898, for soprano, alto, tenor, mixed choir and orchestra, text by Mahler based on fairy-tales by Ludwig Bechstein and the Brothers Grimm).
Songs with piano: Lieder und Gesänge aus der Jugendzeit (1880-90).
Produits
-
aus dem Film „TOD IN VENEDIG“Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Hans-Günter HeumannMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ED 20045 Q556179Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from: Symphony No. 5 C-sharp minorCompositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Hans-Günter HeumannMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ED 22975 Q47737Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock3,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerAuteur: Barrie Carson TurnerMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: flûte et pianoLangue: AnglaisNuméro du produit: ED 13870 Q45113Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerAuteur: Barrie Carson TurnerMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: violoncelle et pianoLangue: AnglaisNuméro du produit: ED 13862 Q45063Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerAuteur: Barrie Carson TurnerMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: violon et pianoLangue: AnglaisNuméro du produit: ED 13861 Q45012Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerAuteur: Barrie Carson TurnerMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoLangue: AnglaisNuméro du produit: ED 13860 Q44918Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Vyacheslav GryaznovMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ED 21860 Q25017Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock3,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Wilhelm OhmenMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ED 21827 Q21795Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock3,99 €TTC
-
de: Symphonie No. 5 Ut dièse mineur, 4e mouvementMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ED 20764 Q7599Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock2,99 €TTC
-
from Symphony No. 5Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Kenji SakuraiMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Partition et partiesSérie: Chamber Music, 2
Instrumentation: quatuor à cordesNuméro du produit: ZO 590110Format papierFormat papierEn stock22,95 €TTC, hors expédition -
from Symphony No. 5Arrangeur: Makoto GotoCompositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: PartitionSérie: Piano Duet, 79
Instrumentation: piano à 4 mainsNuméro du produit: ZO 915079Format papierFormat papierEn stock9,50 €TTC, hors expédition -
from "Symphony No. 5"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Makoto GotoMedia Type: PartitionSérie: Music for Piano, 462
Instrumentation: pianoNuméro du produit: ZO 101878Format papierFormat papierEn stock7,95 €TTC, hors expédition -
from "Symphony No. 10"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Kenji SakuraiMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Partition et partiesSérie: Chamber Music, 5
Instrumentation: quatuor à cordesNuméro du produit: ZO 590111Format papierFormat papierEn stock38,50 €TTC, hors expédition -
6th movement from Symphony No. 3Compositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Partition et partiesInstrumentation: Blechensemble à ventsNuméro du produit: BMP 2123160Format papierFormat papierÉpuisé0,00 €TTC, hors expédition
-
d'après des textes de Friedrich Rückert et de « Des Knaben Wunderhorn »Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Stefan HeuckeEdition: Partition et partiesSéries: Edition Schott
Fünf Lieder von 1901
Instrumentation: voix intermédiaire et quatuor à cordesNuméro du produit: ED 23617Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 21,99 €TTC -
d'après des textes de Friedrich Rückert et de « Des Knaben Wunderhorn »Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Stefan HeuckeEdition: Partition et partiesSéries: Edition Schott
Fünf Lieder von 1901
Instrumentation: voix grave et quatuor à cordesNuméro du produit: ED 23618Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 21,99 €TTC -
nach Worten von Richard LeanderCompositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: soprano et orchestreLangue: AllemandMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
für Sopran und zehn BläserCompositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Friedrich K. WanekMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: soprano et 10 instruments à ventLangue: AllemandMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
für Sopran und OrchesterCompositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: soprano et orchestreLangue: AllemandMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFInstrumentation: chant et pianoLangue: AllemandNuméro du produit: ED 6792 Q53759Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock1,99 €TTC
-
aus "Des Knaben Wunderhorn"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerSérie: Edition Schott
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 1571Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 6,99 €TTC -
aus "Des Knaben Wunderhorn"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: soprano et orchestreLangue: AllemandMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Andreas Ballstaedt | Klaus DögeEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: seulvoix et orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 1060Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 10,99 €TTC
-
1. Satz und Skizze eines Scherzo-SatzesMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Jeu de partiesSérie: exempla nova
Instrumentation: piano, violon, alto et violoncelleNuméro du produit: SIK0800Format papierFormat papierEn stock31,50 €TTC, hors expédition -
Book 3Compositeur: Gustav MahlerSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 3
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 834Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC -
Book 3Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEdition: hochSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 3
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 833Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC -
Book 2Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEdition: tiefSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 2
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 832Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC -
Book 2Compositeur: Gustav MahlerSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 2
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 831Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 12,99 €TTC -
Book 1Compositeur: Gustav MahlerSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 1
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 830Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC -
Book 1Compositeur: Gustav MahlerSéries: Edition Schott
Lieder und Gesänge, Numéro 1
Instrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 829Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC -
arrangiert für Kammerorchester von Michael Rot (2020)Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Michael RotMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: orchestre de chambreMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
arrangiert für Kammerensemble von Michael Rot (2016)Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Michael RotMedia Type: Partition électronique en PDFEdition: Partition et partiesInstrumentation: Flöte, 2 Klarinetten, Horn und StreichquintettNuméro du produit: DVGH 1868-71 Q52849Partition PDFPartition PDFEn stock39,99 €TTC
-
arrangiert für Kammerorchester von Michael Rot (2020)Compositeur: Gustav MahlerArrangeur: Michael RotMedia Type: PartitionEdition: PartitionInstrumentation: orchestre de chambreNuméro du produit: VGH 2726-12Format papierFormat papierEn stock36,00 €TTC, hors expédition
-
Arrangements by other Composers for Piano Four Hands of Works by Dmitri ShostakovichCompositeur: Arthur Honegger | Gustav Mahler | Igor StravinskyEditeur: Victor EkimovskyArrangeur: Dmitri ShostakovichMedia Type: PartitionEdition: PartitionSérie: Shostakovich New Collected Works (150 Volumes), Vol. 114/115
Instrumentation: piano à 4 mains; 2 pianosNuméro du produit: BH 13456Format papierFormat papierÉpuisé115,00 €TTC, hors expédition -
Compositeur: Bodo Koenigsbeck | Gustav MahlerMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Partition et partiesInstrumentation: piano, flûte (hautbois), clarinette, bassonNuméro du produit: ACC2017Format papierFormat papierÉpuisé30,00 €TTC, hors expédition
-
9 Lieder und GesängeType de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 16,99 €TTC
-
9 Lieder und GesängeType de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 14,99 €TTC
-
Verschiedene LiederCompositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Karl Heinz FüsslInstrumentation: voix et pianoNuméro du produit: ED 7534Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 21,99 €TTC
-
aus "Des Knaben Wunderhorn"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: soprano et orchestreLangue: AllemandMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
für OrchesterMedia Type: PartitionEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: SIK1431Format papierFormat papierEn stock22,50 €TTC, hors expédition
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Franz Josef SchwarzEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: voix grave et orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 1053Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 13,99 €TTC
-
"Der Titan"Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 570Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 14,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Karl Heinz Füssl | Erwin RatzEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 532Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 16,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Hans Ferdinand RedlichEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 586Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 15,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEditeur: Hans Ferdinand RedlichEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 492Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 19,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ETP 1549Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 14,99 €TTC
-
for large orchestraCompositeur: Gustav MahlerEdition: Partition d'étudeInstrumentation: orchestreNuméro du produit: ED 21849Type de produitEn stockPrix à partir de 36,99 €TTC
-
for large orchestraCompositeur: Gustav MahlerMedia Type: Matériel en location / d'exécutionEdition: Matériel d'exécutionInstrumentation: orchestreMatériel en location / d'exécutionMatériel en location / d'exécution
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerChef d'orchestre: Yoel GamzouOrchestre/Ensemble: International Mahler OrchestraMedia Type: Téléchargement MP3Numéro du produit: WER 51222 Q50189Téléchargement MP3Téléchargement MP3En stock6,99 €TTC
-
Compositeur: Gustav MahlerChef d'orchestre: Yoel GamzouOrchestre/Ensemble: International Mahler OrchestraMedia Type: Téléchargement MP3Numéro du produit: WER 51222 Q50191Téléchargement MP3Téléchargement MP3En stock1,99 €TTC